情报一般有狭义与广义之分,情报学根据其研究的范围,可以分为狭义情报学与广义情报学。 (一) 狭义情报学所谓狭义情报学,是指在本世纪五十——六十年代,随着科学技术情报工作的发展和电子计算机的采用,在语言学、数学、计算机科学、书目学、信息论、控制论等学科的结合点上产生出来的一门研究科学技术情报的结构、一般特性及其形成、变换、传递和利用规律的科学。其主要任务在于揭示科技情报的产生、加工处理、传递交流与利用的一般规律,不仅研究情报来源、传递内容、传递方法,而且要系统地在情报理论上进行研究与总结。狭义情报学,一般可理解为既包括传统 Intelligence generally has a narrow and broad sense. According to the scope of its research, information science can be divided into narrow information science and general information science. (A) Narrow-sense information science The so-called narrow sense of information science refers to in the fifties and sixties of this century, with the development of science and technology intelligence work and the use of electronic computers in linguistics, mathematics, computer science, bibliography, Information theory, cybernetics and other disciplines produced a combination of research on the structure of science and technology intelligence, general characteristics and the formation, transformation, transmission and use of science. Its main task is to reveal the general rules of the generation, processing, transmission and exchange of scientific and technological intelligence, not only to study the sources of intelligence, the content and methods of transmission, but also to systematically study and summarize the theory of intelligence. Narrow-sense intelligence can generally be understood to include both tradition