数年来,关于日本和美国制造业的国际竞争力的逆转现象,一直是国际社会议论的主要话题。80年代颇为盛行的“日本强盛论”和“美国衰落论”在进入90年代后,发生逆转,人们普遍对美国方面的竞争力持乐观态度,对日本方面悲观论则成主流。的确,如果看一下90年代以来日美企业所处的环境,日元急剧升值,日本经济呈萎缩趋势,以及美国经济景气的恢复与商业周期的差别,与反映此等现象的失业进展程度相适应的淡化,就都不难相对推测出美国企业强劲的竞争力了。但是,“国际竞争力的逆转现象”究竟根源何在?其发展势头和规模又怎样?这些问题长期以来没有定论。究竟是什么力量对国际 Over the years, the reversal of the international competitiveness of the manufacturing industries in Japan and the United States has been the main topic of discussion in the international community. The “strong Japan Theory” and the “American decline theory” which prevailed in the 1980s reversed after they entered the 1990s. They are generally optimistic about the competitiveness of the United States and are the mainstay of Japan’s pessimism. Indeed, if we look at the environment in which Japanese and American enterprises have been in business since the 1990s, the sharp appreciation of the yen, the downward trend in Japan’s economy, and the recovery of the U.S. economy from the business cycle are in line with the level of unemployment which reflects these phenomena Of the desalination, it is not difficult to speculate relatively strong competitiveness of US companies. However, what exactly is the root cause of the “reversal of international competitiveness” and its momentum and scale? These problems have long been inconclusive. What is the power of international