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商品化的乙型肝炎疫苗安全有效,在健康青年中的保护率达90%～95%.然而必须接种3次才能达到这一保护水平,且第3次接种后6个月抗体滴度迅速下降,这些不足之处限制了乙型肝炎疫苗在人群中的使用.因此有必要对现有疫苗加以改进.对现有疫苗的改进主要从三方面着手:第一,在原有乙型肝炎疫苗配方中加入大的乙型肝炎病毒包膜蛋白(前Sl和前S2);第二,改进接种方法,如在不同部位注射,增大HBsAg剂量,增加加强接种次数,延长加强接种间隔时间以及改变HBsAg形式;第三,改进佐剂.
Commercialized hepatitis B vaccine is safe and effective, with 90% to 95% protection in healthy youth, however, it must be inoculated three times to achieve this level of protection and the antibody titer drops rapidly six months after the third vaccination , These deficiencies limit the use of Hepatitis B vaccine in the population.Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing vaccines.The improvement of the existing vaccines mainly from three aspects: First, in the original hepatitis B vaccine formulations Add large hepatitis B virus envelope proteins (pre-S1 and pre-S2); second, improve inoculation methods such as injection at different sites, increase the dose of HBsAg, increase the number of vaccinations, extend the duration of vaccination and change the form of HBsAg Third, improve the adjuvant.