用４５钢、６０钢和ＧＣｒ１５钢制成标准刃口进行切割锋利度试验。扫描电镜观察表明，刃口失效方式有粘着磨损、疲劳磨损、磨粒磨损、流变、卷刃和崩刃等。分析讨论了刃口钝化机理，指出了失效方式与材料组织及力学性能的关系。 Standard cutting edges made of 45, 60 and GCr15 steel for cutting sharpness test. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the blade failure modes are sticking wear, fatigue wear, abrasive wear, rheology, curling and chipping. The mechanism of blade passivation was analyzed and discussed, and the relationship between failure mode and material structure and mechanical properties was pointed out.