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以遥感图像为数据源,运用专业遥感图像处理软件、Arcgis软件和Fragstats 3.3软件提取了塔里木盆地农垦区19761、9902、0002、006、2010年5个时期的部分景观指数,对研究区景观格局动态进行了分析。结果表明:近35年来,未利用土地大规模减少,耕地和建筑用地面积增加,林地和牧草地逐步退化;1976—2006年,景观多样性指数和均匀度指数增大,表明人类适当的干扰可使景观异质性增强;2006—2010年,由于耕地的持续发展,景观多样性指数和均匀度指数减小,景观异质性降低。在以后的土地开发利用中,要减缓土地开垦,加强防护林、人工草地的建设,优化景观格局,以实现土地的可持续利用。
Taking the remote sensing image as the data source, the partial landscape indices of the agricultural reclamation area in 1976, 9902, 0002, 006 and 2010 in Tarim Basin were extracted using the professional remote sensing image processing software, Arcgis software and Fragstats 3.3 software. The landscape pattern dynamics Analyzed. The results show that in the past 35 years, the unused land has been reduced on a large scale, the area of cultivated land and construction land increased, and the woodland and pasture gradually degenerated. From 1976 to 2006, the index of landscape diversity and evenness index increased, indicating that appropriate human disturbance So as to enhance the heterogeneity of the landscape. From 2006 to 2010, due to the continuous development of cultivated land, the index of landscape diversity and the evenness index decreased, and the landscape heterogeneity decreased. In the future development and utilization of land, it is necessary to slow the reclamation of land, strengthen the construction of shelterbelts and artificial grasslands, and optimize the landscape pattern so as to realize the sustainable use of land.