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试验地点位于我国典型的黄土高原半干旱丘陵山区,由于该区受特殊的地理、地形以及水文气象条件的影响,使得雨水集蓄利用成为解决该区农牧业生产的主要出路。本试验通过有限补充灌溉的方式,采用基于因子分析的主成分提取方法,将玉米穗部性状总结为3个主成分,并分析了各主成分的意义以及在不同补灌条件下对玉米穗部性状的影响。结果表明:影响玉米产量的限制性因子为穗粒重和穗重,并且在主成分分析中,因子载荷分别达到了0.974 8和0.965 1。拔节期补充灌溉处理的穗粒重较不补灌提高62.2%~77.8%,拔节期补充灌溉能够更大程度地提高穗粒重和穗重并减少秃尖长度,研究为集雨补灌旱作区农业节水增产提供了一定的理论依据。
The test site is located in the typical semi-arid mountainous area of Loess Plateau in China. Due to the special geographical, topographic and hydro-meteorological conditions, rainwater harvesting and utilization have become the main outlet for agriculture and animal husbandry in this area. In this experiment, the principal component extraction method based on factor analysis was used to summarize the ear characters of maize as three principal components by means of limited supplementary irrigation. The significance of each principal component and the effects of different supplemental irrigation on maize ears Effects of traits. The results showed that the limiting factors affecting the yield of maize were grain weight per panicle and panicle weight, and the factor loads reached 0.974 8 and 0.965 1 respectively in the principal component analysis. At the jointing stage, the grain weight per spike increased by 62.2% ~ 77.8% compared with no irrigation, and supplementary irrigation at the jointing stage could increase the grain weight and panicle weight and reduce the bald tip length to a greater extent. District agricultural water-saving increase yield provides a theoretical basis.