一、延迟焦化与水力除焦石油加工中焦化主要有釜式、平炉、延迟、接触和流化等方法。由于延迟焦化具有工艺简单、操作方便、装置灵活性大、开工率高、周期长等优点,自一九三○年第一套工业化生产装置投产以来,发展较快,特别是一九三八年水力除焦技术在延迟焦化装置上应用以后发展更为迅速。我国于一九六三年实验成功了有井架水力除焦,以后又实现了无井架水力除焦和半井架水力除焦。目前三种除焦方法都在应用。 First, the delayed coking and hydraulic decoking Coking oil processing mainly tank, open hearth, delay, contact and fluidization and other methods. Because delayed coking has the advantages of simple process, convenient operation, large device flexibility, high operating rate and long period, since the first industrialized production unit was put into production in 1930, it has developed rapidly, especially in 1938 Hydraulic decoking technology developed more rapidly after the application of delayed coking device. In 1963, China successfully experimented with derrick hydraulic decoking, and later realized no derrick hydraulic decoking and half-derrick hydraulic decoking. Currently three methods are used in addition to coke.