日本神户制钢中心研究所的研究表明,大型钢件埋弧焊横向裂纹起始于焊缝表面下深约9～18毫米处,然后扩展到焊缝的表面和背面。而且最高浓度氢和在焊接方向的最大残余应力都重合在启裂点。对于厚度大于50毫米的钢板,启裂点的残余应力保持常量,但氢浓度则随钢板厚度增加而提高。为了使氢逸出焊接区域,减少横向裂缝的可能性,可在200～ Research at the Kobe Steel Research Institute in Japan shows that the transverse cracks in large steel submerged arc welding start from about 9 to 18 millimeters below the weld surface and then extend to the front and back of the weld. And the highest concentration of hydrogen and the maximum residual stress in the welding direction are coincident with the Kai point. For plates greater than 50 mm thick, the residual stresses at the point of initiation remain constant, but the hydrogen concentration increases with increasing plate thickness. In order to make the hydrogen escape the welding area, reducing the possibility of transverse cracks can be 200 ~