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采用溶胶-凝胶法,通过表面修饰等工艺,在常压条件下制备出高气孔率的疏水性 SiO2气凝胶。表面修饰能够调节气凝胶内部纳米多孔结构和增大比表面积。表面修饰采用三甲基氯硅烷,其 Si-CH3基团能取代原有气凝胶表面的 O-H 基团,使其具有疏水特性。用扫描电镜,红外光谱以及孔径分布仪对其结构和表面基团进行了表征,对其吸附特性进行了测试。结果表明,SiO2 气凝胶具有纳米多孔结构,且有较好的疏水特性,其吸附性能较活性炭纤维和活性炭颗粒高 3～4 倍,再吸附容量基本不变,是一种极好的高吸附材料,具有广阔应用前景。
Hydrophobic SiO2 aerogels with high porosity were prepared under normal pressure by sol-gel method and surface modification. Surface modification can adjust the airgel nano-porous structure and increase the specific surface area. Trimethchloro-chlorosilane is used as the surface modification. The Si-CH3 group can replace the O-H group of the original airgel to make it hydrophobic. Their structures and surface groups were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and pore size distribution analyzer. Their adsorption properties were tested. The results show that the SiO2 airgel has a nano-porous structure and has good hydrophobic properties. The adsorption capacity of the silica airgel is 3 to 4 times higher than that of the activated carbon fiber and the activated carbon particles, and the re-adsorption capacity is basically the same. Material, has broad application prospects.