致人伤亡是指行为人不法侵害他人生命及健康,并致他人身体受到伤害或死亡。凡致人伤亡的,不法行为人都应承担赔偿责任,这是法律亘古不变的强制性规定。至于赔偿的方法,则因时代的不同而有所差别。在古代社会,对致人伤亡采取的是一种血亲复仇和同态复仇的抑制方式,立足点在于给致害人以同样的损害后果。习惯法时期,为了维持社会秩序,限制复仇行为的肆意泛滥,赎罪金制度开始建立。凡致人伤亡的,加害人应向受害人或其亲族支付若干头牲畜,以对受害人放弃复仇权利予以报偿。至成文法时代,法律遂正式赋予受害人及其亲属享有损害赔偿请求权,并具体规定了赔偿范围、标准和方法。如“倘生命被害时,公社及长老应赔偿其亲族银一明那,”“杀他人之奴隶或四足家畜者,以该奴隶或家 Induced casualties mean that the perpetrator illegally infringes the life and health of others and causes physical injury or death to others. Where the casualties are caused, the wrongdoers should bear the liability for compensation. This is an ever-present mandatory requirement of law. As for the method of compensation, there are differences between the times. In ancient times, what was taken to cause casualties was a way of repressing blood revenge and homosexual revenge based on the same injurious consequences for the victim. Customary law period, in order to maintain social order and limit the arbitrary proliferation of vengeance, atonement system began to establish. Where a casualty is caused, the perpetrator shall pay the victim or his or her kin to a number of livestock to compensate for the victim's right to revenge. Until the time of codification, the law formally granted victims and their relatives the right to claim for damages, and specified the scope, standards and methods of compensation. Such as ”If life is killed, the commune and the elders should compensate their relatives Yin Ming, “ ”to kill others slaves or quadrupeds, to the slave or home