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以冷砂黄泥和矿子黄泥为研究对象,猪粪沼渣为有机物料,分别添加0%、5%、7.5%和10%质量分数的蒙脱石,采用室内培养试验研究了蒙脱石对施有机物料土壤pH、磷形态和有效性的影响.结果表明,有机物料对两种土壤pH无显著影响,而蒙脱石使土壤pH显著提高.施加有机物料使两种土壤铝结合态磷(Al-P)含量和分布比例提高,铁结合态磷(Fe-P)含量培养后期提高、比例略有下降,闭蓄态磷(O-P)含量无明显变化、比例下降.有机物料对冷砂黄泥中钙结合态磷(Ca-P)的含量无明显影响、比例下降,却使矿子黄泥Ca-P含量和比例提高.在施加有机物料基础上添加蒙脱石后,冷砂黄泥Al-P和O-P含量和比例下降,Fe-P含量无明显变化、比例下降,Ca-P含量和比例大幅度提高;矿子黄泥Fe-P和O-P含量和比例下降,Al-P含量无明显变化、比例下降,Ca-P含量和比例大幅度提高.培养过程中,有机物料使冷砂黄泥和矿子黄泥有效磷含量分别提高了17.9%~38.0%和17.1%~33.7%,土壤磷的活化系数也显著提高,添加蒙脱石后使两种土壤有效磷含量分别降低8.8%~35.5%和1.1%~11.6%.相关分析结果表明,蒙脱石通过提高pH和Ca-P含量、降低Al-P含量降低冷砂黄泥磷的有效性,通过提高pH、降低Fe-P含量降低矿子黄泥磷的有效性,对冷砂黄泥磷有效性的影响较矿子黄泥大.
Taking cold sand and yellow mud as the research object, swine feces and biogas residue were taken as organic materials, and montmorillonite was added at 0%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% respectively. The effects of montmorillonite The results showed that there was no significant effect of organic materials on the pH of the two soils, but montmorillonite increased the pH of the soils significantly.Under the application of organic materials, The contents and distribution of phosphorus and phosphorus increased, while the content of iron-bound phosphorus (P-Fe) increased slightly at the later stage with a slight decrease in proportion and no significant change in the content of closed-form phosphorus (OP) The content of calcium-bound phosphorus (Ca-P) in sand yellow mud had no significant effect, the proportion decreased, but the content and proportion of Ca-P in yellow mud of ore increased.When montmorillonite was added on the basis of organic material, The contents and proportions of Al-P and OP in yellow mud decreased, the content of Fe-P did not change significantly, the proportion decreased and the content and proportion of Ca-P increased greatly; the contents and proportions of Fe-P and OP decreased, No significant change in the content, the proportion decreased, Ca-P content and the proportion increased significantly.In the process of cultivation, the organic material to make cold sand Wong Nai and The content of available phosphorus in the yellow soil increased by 17.9% -38.0% and 17.1% -33.7%, respectively. The activation coefficient of soil phosphorus also increased significantly. After adding montmorillonite, the content of available phosphorus in the two soils decreased by 8.8% -35.5% And 1.1% ~ 11.6%, respectively.The results of correlation analysis showed that the montmorillonite reduced the content of Al-P by reducing the content of Al-P and decreased the content of phosphorus in cold-speleothem by increasing the pH and decreasing the content of Fe-P The effectiveness of sub-yellow mud phosphorus has a greater impact on the effectiveness of cold sand yellow mud than that of yellow mud.