水力机械的磨蚀是我国多泥沙河流上运行的机组长期以来面临的疑难问题。多年来，不少水利工程技术人员对此进行了大量的研究工作，从磨蚀机理的研究到磨蚀的治理均取得了一定的进展。本文对我国近年来关于磨蚀的研究成果及各种防护措施的应用情况作了回顾和综述，同时提出了水力机组应注重在线监测，选择适宜时机对机组进行检修以减轻磨蚀破坏的设想。 The abrasion of hydraulic machinery is a difficult problem that has long been encountered by the units running on the sediment rivers in China. Over the years, many water conservancy engineers and technicians have done a lot of research on this, from the study of the mechanism of abrasion to erosion control have made some progress. In this paper, the research results of abrasion and the application of various protective measures in recent years in China are reviewed and reviewed. At the same time, the author put forward the hypothesis that hydraulic units should pay attention to on-line monitoring and select appropriate timing to repair the units to reduce the abrasion damage.