反周期政策,也即逆经济走向调节的经济政策。这种理论及其政策主张最初是由凯恩斯主义的创始人凯恩斯在《就业、利息和货币通论》一书中提出的,经过希克斯、汉森和萨谬尔森等人的发展,成为完整的凯恩斯主义理论体系和政策主张。凯恩斯的反周期政策提出的历史背景是,20世纪30年代大危机打破了自由放任市场经济的神话。30年代大危机强度之大、范围之广、持续时间之长出人意料。这次危机席卷了各主要资本主义 Countercyclical policies, that is, economic policies that are counter-economic. This theory and its policy advocates were originally put forward by Keynesian founder Keynes in the book “General Theory of Employment, Interest and Currency” and become complete through the development of Hicks, Hansen and Samuelson and others Keynesian theoretical system and policy advocacy. Keynesian counter-cyclical policy puts forward the historical background that the great crisis of the 1930s broke the myth of laissez-faire market economy. The great crisis of the 1930s was of great intensity and scope with a surprisingly long duration. The crisis swept through all major capitalism