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新生儿脊柱裂和无脑畸形的病因,通过动物试验、临床观察和流行病学调皮研究后,多数学者认为环境因素是主要原因,遗传因素也起一定作用。所谓环境因素是指怀孕早期,妇女体内叶酸的含量不足、高热、接触过量放射线物质及其他有毒物质等。另外,在调查中还发现家族中有脊柱裂和无脑儿病史者,其发生率也较高,所以遗传也起一定作用。有关缺乏叶酸发生脊柱裂和无脑畸形的机理,至今尚未阐明。 从以上对脊柱裂和无脑畸形病因的研究采看,可以肯定绝大多数脊柱裂和无脑畸形是可以预防的。预防措施有①增补叶酸:已婚妇女从怀孕前1个月开始每天服用叶酸2.5～5毫克,直到怀孕3个月止。通过同一地区环境、同一时期比较,服用叶酸可使脊柱裂和
Neonatal spina bifida and anencephaly etiology, animal studies, clinical observations and epidemiological studies of naughty, most scholars believe that environmental factors are the main reasons, genetic factors also play a role. The so-called environmental factors refers to the early pregnancy, women’s body folic acid content is insufficient, high fever, exposure to excessive radiation and other toxic substances. In addition, in the survey also found that there is a family history of spina bifida and no brain disease, its incidence is higher, so genetic also play a role. The lack of folic acid in the pathogenesis of spina bifida and anencephaly, has not yet been clarified. From the above study of the causes of spina bifida and anencephaly, it is certain that the vast majority of spina bifida and anencephaly are preventable. Preventive measures ① add folic acid: married women from the first month before pregnancy take folic acid daily intake of 2.5 to 5 mg until 3 months of pregnancy only. Through the same regional environment, compared with the same period, taking folic acid can make spina bifida and