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拖板是机床上重要的支撑部件,其动态性能直接影响到加工工件的精度和生产效率。以某型号八米旋风铣床的拖板为研究对象,建立拖板结构的有限元模型,运用有限元分析软件ANSYS对原结构进行模态分析,得到各阶模态下的固有频率和振型,找出结构的薄弱环节并进行优化设计,分别对拖板不同部位无筋板、加筋板及增加板材厚度等情况提出了多种改进方案并进行比较,得出优化方案。与原结构相比,优化方案的一阶固有频率增加了56.74Hz,质量减小了2.27%,拖板的动态性能得到了改善。对原结构和优化后结构进行静力分析,从得到的位移变形图及应力云图上看,拖板的位移变形最大值由0.8E-6m减小到0.637E-6m,应力的最大值由0.414MPa减小到0.391MPa,受力情况得到了改善,为产品的性能分析和结构改进提供了可借鉴的方法。
Mopping board is an important supporting component on the machine tool, and its dynamic performance directly affects the precision and production efficiency of the processed workpiece. Taking a pallet of a 8 m whirlwind milling machine as a research object, a finite element model of the pallet structure was established. The finite element analysis software ANSYS was used to carry out modal analysis on the original structure to obtain the natural frequencies and mode shapes of each mode. To find the weak points of the structure and to optimize the design, a series of improved schemes are put forward for comparison with the non-reinforced stiffeners, the stiffened plates and the increase of the thickness of the slab in different parts respectively. The optimized schemes are obtained. Compared with the original structure, the first-order natural frequency of the optimized scheme increases by 56.74 Hz and the mass decreases by 2.27%, and the dynamic performance of the pallet is improved. According to the static deformation analysis of the original structure and the optimized structure, from the displacement deformation diagram and the stress cloud chart, the maximum displacement of the carriage is reduced from 0.8E-6m to 0.637E-6m, and the maximum stress is increased from 0.414 MPa reduced to 0.391MPa, the stress situation has been improved for the product performance analysis and structural improvement provides a reference method.