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过去曾經有过兩次所謂“國际極年”。最早的一次是在1882年到1883年的期間。那时候,世界上有許多國家曾經派遣極地考察隊,到北極地区考察。考察一共進行了12个月之久,但是規模很小。当時科学家主要是观測北極地区的气象、地磁等。第二次的“國際極年”是在1932年到1933年的期間举行的。这次極年進行观測和研究工作的時間一共也是12个月左右。虽然这次的規模也是很小的,但却开始运用了無綫电仪器,对北極地区的高空气象進行观测和研究,並且还增加了对北極地区高空电离層(离地面80—1000千米的導电大气層)的探测工作。几年前,世界性的國际科学团体,根据科学研究上的
There have been two so-called “international polar years” in the past. The earliest was between 1882 and 1883. At that time, many countries in the world once sent polar expeditions to visit the Arctic. The inspection lasted for 12 months but was small in scale. At that time, scientists mainly observed the weather in the Arctic region, geomagnetic and so on. The second International Year of the Poles was held from 1932 to 1933. The total time for observing and researching this extremely year is also about 12 months. Although small in scale this time, it has started to use radio instrumentation to observe and study the high-altitude meteorological phenomena in the Arctic and to add to the high-altitude ionosphere in the Arctic (80-1000 km above the ground Electrical atmosphere) exploration work. A few years ago, a worldwide international scientific community, based on scientific research