目的研究培训对儿童体格测量质量的影响。方法采集重庆市5家城区医院被评价的测量者培训前(2010年3~10月)和培训后(2011年3~10月)婴幼儿体格指标的测量数据,同步采集派驻5家城区医院的标准测量者复测测量数据,比较培训对被评价的测量者测量数据可信度的影响。被评价的测量者和标准测量者均在正常工作状态下,进行身长、顶臀长及头围的测量并记录数据,以测量技术误差(TEM)、测量差异绝对值的均值(MAD)、可信度系数(R)、最大测量差异值(Max)和关键值内差异的百分率(PDCV)作为被评价的测量者和标准测量者可信度描述指标。结果培训前后分别收集739名及497名婴幼儿的测量数据。标准测量者在培训前后测量的身长、顶臀长及头围数据MAD差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。被评价的测量者和标准测量者培训前身长、顶臀长和头围的MAD分别为0.68、0.83和0.45 cm,TEM分别为0.64、0.79和0.42 cm。培训后MAD分别为0.40、0.51和0.28 cm,TEM分别为0.38、0.46和0.25 cm,培训后身长、头围及顶臀长MAD和TEM较培训前明显减小,差异均有统计学意义。培训前被评价的测量者和标准测量者测量差异属于较好质量标准(身长、顶臀长≤0.5 cm,头围≤0.2 cm)的PDCV,身长、头围和顶臀长分别为56.2%、45.6%和34.9%,培训后分别提高至74.0%、59.7%和51.5%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.005)。培训后被评价的测量者和标准测量者身长、顶臀长和头围仍分别有4.9%、7.9%和11.5%的测量数据属于错误数据。结论培训后测量者对婴幼儿身长、顶臀长及头围的测量数据达到了较好的可信度标准,测量质量明显提高。 Objective To study the impact of training on physical fitness of children. Methods Measured data of infants and toddlers before and after training (from March to October 2010) and after training (from March to October 2011) of 5 city hospitals in Chongqing were collected and collected simultaneously in 5 urban hospitals The standard measurer retested the measurement data and compared the effect of training on the credibility of the surveyor’s measured data. Under normal working conditions, the surveyors and standard surveyors under evaluation performed measurement of length, top-hip length and head circumference and recorded data to measure the technical error (TEM) and measure the mean absolute value of the difference (MAD). The reliability coefficient (R), the maximum measurement difference (Max), and the percentage of differences in key values ​​(PDCV) are used as indicators of the reliability of the surveyors and standard surveyors to be evaluated. Results Before and after training, 739 and 497 infants were collected. There was no significant difference in MAD of height, top-rump length and head-circumference data measured by standard surveyors before and after training (P> 0.05). The MAD of length, top rump length and head circumference of the evaluated surveyors and standard surveyors were 0.68, 0.83 and 0.45 cm, respectively, and the TEMs were 0.64, 0.79 and 0.42 cm, respectively. After training, the MAD were 0.40, 0.51 and 0.28 cm respectively, and the TEM values ​​were 0.38, 0.46 and 0.25 cm respectively. After training, the MAD and TEM of body length, head circumference and top hip length were significantly decreased compared with those before training, and the differences were statistically significant. Measurements of the pre-training and standard surveyors The differences in PDCV, body length, head circumference and top-hip length, respectively, of better quality criteria (length, top hip length ≤ 0.5 cm, head circumference ≤ 0.2 cm) were 56.2% 45.6% and 34.9% respectively. After training, the scores increased to 74.0%, 59.7% and 51.5% respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.005). After training, the surveyors and standard surveyors who were evaluated had 4.9%, 7.9% and 11.5% of the total body length, top-rump length and head circumference, respectively, as the error data. Conclusion After training, the surveyors achieved good reliability standards for measurements of height, top-rump length and head circumference of infants and young children, and the quality of measurement improved significantly.