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目的了解综合医院心理咨询门诊自杀未遂来访者的有关特征。方法以2007-2008年中山大学附属第三医院心理咨询门诊222例自杀未遂来访者为调查对象,对其人口学特征和自杀诱因进行分析。结果 222例咨询者男女比例为1∶2.13,以20～29岁73例(32.88%)、30～39岁65例(29.27%)为主。自杀诱因多以受精神疾病或躯体疾病困扰为主(43.24%),其次夫妻感情或亲子冲突42例(18.92%)、失恋38例(17.12%)、精神病性症状支配23例(15.32%)。自杀方式以服安眠药或农药(39.64%)和割腕或其他利器自伤(36.04%)较多。疾病分布以抑郁症(46.39%)、精神分裂症(20.72%)和应激相关障碍(16.22%)为主。结论自杀未遂者具有一定人口学特征,自杀诱因多为精神疾病或躯体疾病所困扰,多见于抑郁症,应预防再次自杀。
Objective To understand the characteristics of attempted suicides in counseling clinics in general hospitals. Methods A total of 222 attempted suicides from the Psychological Counseling Clinic of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from 2007 to 2008 were investigated. Their demographic characteristics and causes of suicide were analyzed. Results The ratio of male to female in 222 cases was 1: 2.13, with 73 cases (32.88%) in 20-29 years and 65 cases (29.27%) in 30-39 years old. Suicidal predispositions were mostly predisposed to mental illness or physical illness (43.24%), followed by marital relationship or parent-child conflict in 42 cases (18.92%), lovelorn in 38 cases (17.12%) and psychotic symptoms in 23 cases (15.32%). Suicide way to take sleeping pills or pesticides (39.64%) and cut wrist or other self-injury (36.04%) more. The distribution of disease was mainly depression (46.39%), schizophrenia (20.72%) and stress-related disorder (16.22%). Conclusion Suicide attempts have some demographic characteristics. Suicidal incentives are usually confused with mental illness or physical diseases. Depression is more common in these suicides. Suicide should be prevented.