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目的了解深圳市龙岗区居民肠道寄生虫感染现状,调查城市化带来社会生活经济因素变化对肠道寄生虫流行的影响,为调整防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,从5个街道各抽取1个自然村为调查点,入户进行问卷调查并收集居民粪便,以改良加藤氏厚涂片法检查寄生虫卵,每个自然村选取1所幼儿园为调查点,采用透明胶纸肛拭以检查托幼儿童蛲虫感染。结果居民共调查1 020人,总感染率为1.96%;检出4种寄生虫,感染率分别为华支睾吸虫1.37%,鞭虫0.29%,蛔虫0.20%,钩虫0.10%;其中肝吸虫为优势感染虫种,占总感染人数的70%;葵涌街道居民的感染率最高,为3.81%;坂田较低,为1%。不同年龄组居民感染率差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.52,P>0.05),20~30岁年龄组为感染多发人群,男性感染率为2.19%,高于女性的1.74%;幼托儿童蛲虫感染率为1.548%。居民寄生虫防治知识知晓率为70.46%,健康行为形成率为56.66%,居民土源线虫防治知识知晓率、行为形成率明显高于肝吸虫方面。结论龙岗区肠道寄生虫感染呈现低度流行态势,饮食习惯及饮食行为是主要影响因素。
Objective To understand the status of intestinal parasites in residents in Longgang District of Shenzhen City and investigate the influence of changes in economic factors of social life on the prevalence of intestinal parasites caused by urbanization so as to provide a scientific basis for adjusting prevention and control strategies. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select one natural village from 5 streets as the survey point. The questionnaires were collected from households and the dung of residents were collected. The parasites eggs were examined by modified Kato thick smear method. Each natural village was selected 1 kindergarten for the investigation point, the use of transparent adhesive tape anal swab to check the care of children and pinworms infections. Results A total of 1 020 residents were surveyed, with a total infection rate of 1.96%. Four kinds of parasites were detected. The infection rates were 1.37% for Clonorchis sinensis, 0.29% for whipworm, 0.20% for roundworm and 0.10% for hookworm. Among them, The dominant infection was insects, accounting for 70% of the total number of infections. The highest infection rate was 3.81% in Kwai Chung and 1% in Sakata. There was no significant difference in infection rates among residents of different age groups (χ2 = 3.52, P> 0.05). In 20-30 age group, the infection rate was 2.19%, higher than that of females The worm infection rate was 1.548%. Residents awareness of parasitic control knowledge was 70.46%, health behavior formation rate was 56.66%, resident soil nematode prevention knowledge awareness, behavior formation rate was significantly higher than that of liver flukes. Conclusion The intestinal parasitic infections in Longgang District showed a low prevalence trend, and dietary habits and dietary behaviors were the main influencing factors.