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建立了车轮磨耗理论计算模型并发展了相应的数值程序,模型中包含了车辆轨道耦合动力学模型、轮轨滚动接触理论和材料摩擦磨损模型。根据该理论模型提出了两种磨耗叠加方法计算车轮轮周磨耗量,即简化方法和改进方法,探讨了它们对车轮型面磨耗及其演化规律的影响。简化方法假定车轮滚过一个接触斑长度时,接触斑信息不变,因而只计算一个步长即可得到车轮轮周的磨耗量;改进方法则考虑接触斑信息随时发生变化,因而需要计算一个接触斑长度才能得到轮周的磨耗。分析结果表明:采用两种方法所得的轮周磨耗量存在较大差异;采用改进方法后,导向轮对的磨耗体积明显增大。随着车轮运行距离的增加,车轮磨耗的不断积累,采用两种方法所得的结果存在较大的差异。
The theoretical calculation model of wheel wear is established and the corresponding numerical program is developed. The model includes the coupling theory of vehicle track, the rolling contact theory of wheel and rail, and the friction and wear model of material. According to the theoretical model, two wear superposition methods are proposed to calculate the wheel circumference wear, that is, the simplified method and the improved method, and their influences on the wear and evolution of the wheel profile are discussed. The simplification method assumes that the information of the contact patch does not change when the wheel rolls over a contact patch length, thus calculating the amount of wear on the wheel circumference calculated only by one step. The improved method takes into account that the contact patch information changes from time to time, The length of the spot to get the wear of the wheel circumference. The analysis results show that there is a big difference between the wheel circumference wear amount obtained by the two methods; and the wear volume of the guide wheel pair obviously increases after adopting the improved method. With the increase of wheel running distance and the continuous accumulation of wheel wear, there are big differences between the results obtained by the two methods.