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本文分析了我院儿科和传染病科从1952～1981年30年中收治小儿结核性脑膜炎共424例,重点分析其发病情况与卡介苗接种之关系。结脑之发病数以1960年以前最高,以后逐渐下降。男女比为1.28:1。发病年龄以3岁以下的乳幼儿最多,年龄愈大发病率愈低。结脑的发病与卡介苗接种之关系密切,接种而罹病者占21.37%,未接种而患病者为78.63%。死亡共143例,病死率为33.72%,其中未接种卡介苗结脑患儿病死率为接种卡介苗结脑患儿病死率的2.6倍。在结脑合并粟粒性结核中,未接种者为接种者之8.1倍。结脑有活动性结核患者接触史与卡介苗接种的关系中,未接种者为接种者的3.9倍。讨论中强调为防治结脑应提高小儿的特异性及非特异性免疫力,及早防治小儿时期的急性传染病及其他感染性疾病,提高卡介苗接种之质量,加强复种,寻找患儿周围之排菌者。
This article analyzes the pediatric and infectious diseases in our hospital from 1952 to 1981, admitted to children with tuberculous meningitis in 424 cases, focusing on the incidence of BCG vaccination and its relationship. The incidence of tuberculous meningitis was highest before 1960, and then gradually declined. Male to female ratio was 1.28: 1. The age of onset to 3 years of age most of the children and young children, the older the lower the incidence rate. The incidence of tuberculin was closely related to the BCG vaccination. Inoculation and morbidity accounted for 21.37%, while those without vaccination were 78.63%. A total of 143 cases of death, the fatality rate was 33.72%, of which non-vaccinated children with BCG mortality was 2.6 times the mortality rate of BCG-vaccinated children. In tuberculosis complicated with miliary tuberculosis, those who were unvaccinated were 8.1 times more likely to be vaccinated. The incidence of tuberculosis in active tuberculosis patients with contact history and BCG vaccination relations, unvaccinated persons were vaccinated 3.9 times. Discussion stressed that the prevention and treatment of brain damage should increase the specificity of children and non-specific immunity, early prevention and treatment of acute infectious diseases in childhood and other infectious diseases, improve the quality of BCG vaccination, strengthen the multi-seed, to find the bacteria around the children .