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目的识别某水力发电站运行过程中的职业病危害因素,分析其危害程度并评价防护措施效果。方法采用现场调查和工作场所有害因素检测对危害因素及控制措施进行分析。结果车间存在噪声、化学毒物、工频电场、放射性氡等职业病危害因素。检测结果显示各工作地点噪声强度为56.3～112.3 dB(A),超过85 dB(A)的检测点占20.4%;工频电场强度和二氧化碳、硫酸、氨、硫化氢等化学毒物的浓度低于职业接触限值;氡浓度范围为14.5～32.5 Bq/m3,低于采取补救行动的活度浓度。结论该水电站针对化学毒物、工频电场和放射性氡采取了有效的控制措施,但针对噪声危害的控制措施还需持续完善。
Objective To identify the occupational hazards in operation of a hydropower station, analyze its harm degree and evaluate the effect of protective measures. Methods The hazardous factors and control measures were analyzed by on-the-spot investigation and workplace hazardous factor testing. Results There are occupational hazards in the workshop such as noise, chemical poisons, power frequency electric field and radioactive radon. The test results show that the noise intensity at each working place is 56.3-112.3 dB (A), the detection points over 85 dB (A) occupy 20.4%; the power frequency electric field intensity and the concentration of chemical poisons such as carbon dioxide, sulfuric acid, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are lower than Occupational exposure limits; radon concentrations ranged from 14.5 to 32.5 Bq / m3, lower than the concentration of activity required for remedial action. Conclusion The hydropower station has taken effective control measures against chemical poisons, industrial electric fields and radioactive radon. However, the control measures against noise hazards should be continuously improved.