论文部分内容阅读
目的 对新疆某煤矿矿工职业倦怠和社会支持水平进行定量化研究,分析两者之间的内在联系和社会支持作为中介变量对职业倦怠的影响程度,从而为加强煤矿工人心理安全管理提供参考依据.方法 采用自填式问卷调查,随机抽取新疆某煤矿200名矿工作为研究对象,采用中文版Maslach通用职业倦怠量表和肖水源编制的社会支持度评定量表对其职业倦怠和社会支持度进行评价.采用SPSS 13.0软件对数据进行统计分析.结果 31～40岁组情绪耗竭表现平均得分最高[(18.2±6.3)分],51～60岁组情感疏离表现平均得分最高[(13.2±6.8)分],51～60岁组缺少成就感表现平均得分最高[(18.6±5.2)分],41～50岁组主观支持及客观支持水平平均得分最低,分别为(6.3±1.6)和(28.4±1.2)分;在社会支持利用度上平均得分最高,为(8.4±2.3)分,不同年龄组在职业倦怠3个维度及社会支持3个维度上表现比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);初中组情绪耗竭及情感疏离表现平均得分最高,分别为(16.2±6.4)和(12.3±5.7)分,不同文化程度在情绪耗竭及情感疏离两个维度上表现比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);井下组主观支持、客观支持及支持利用度水平平均得分均低于井上组,井下组与井上组在社会支持3个维度上比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);学历、工种与职业倦怠之间存在线性关系(r=0.301,P=0.000;r=0.163,P=0.000),年龄与社会支持之间存在线性关系(r=0.290,P=0.000),学历及工种对社会支持的获得有负相关作用(r =--0.129,P=0.001;r=-0.189,P=0.000).结论 年龄、学历、工种是影响职业倦怠及社会支持的重要因素,社会支持各维度与职业倦怠3个维度有着明显的相关关系,广泛的社会支持能够有效缓解工作中的职业倦怠.“,”Objective To explore internal relationships and the influence of social support as an intermediary variable on occupational burnout among coal miners,in order to provide the reference for coal miners psychological health management.Methods 200 miners in a coal mine of Xinjiang were randomly selected as the research object.The Chinese version of Maslach burnout general scale and the social support scale redacted by XiaoShuiyuan were used to evaluate burnout and social support.Results It was found that there were the highest average scores of emotional exhaustion(18.2 ± 6.3 points)in the 31-40 year-old group,the highest average scores of emotional alienation(13.2 ± 6.8 points)in the 51-60 year-old group,the highest average scores in the lack of achievability(18.6 ± 5.2 points)in the 51-60 age group,the lowest average scores(6.3 ± 1.6) points in the subjective support and (28.4 ± 1.2) points in the objective support,as well as the highest average score on the use of social support(8.4 ± 2.3) points in the 41-50 year-old group.The performance of different age groups in three dimensions on the burnout and social support were statistically significant(P ＜0.01);The highest average scores(16.2± 6.4)points in emotional exhaustion and(12.3±5.7) points in emotional alienation were found in the junior high school group respectively.Different educational backgrounds were significant differences in the dimensions of emotional exhaustion and emotional alienation(P ＜0.01).The difference of community support of three dimensions between the underground groups and the ground groups also were statistically significant P ＜0.01).The subjective support,objective support and support utilization levels in the underground group were lower than the average score of the ground group.There were a linear relationships among education,jobs and burnout(r=0.301,P=0.000;r=0.163,P=0.000),between age and social support(r=0.290,P=0.000),but negative correlation among education,jobs and social support(r =-0.129,P =0.001;r =-0.189,P =0.000).Conclusions Age,education and occupations are important factors which affect occupational burnout and social support.There is a clear correlation between social support and three occupational burnout dimensions.The broad social support can alleviate the occupational burnout effectively.