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目的比较不同放射工作人员的白细胞水平与一般人群的差异,并探索可能的影响因素。方法采用五个省(市)2011年、2012年和2013年的放射工作人员健康体检数据,与一般人群白细胞计数正常值进行比较,采用单因素分析和多元线性回归分析的方法,研究不同因素对放射工作人员白细胞计数的影响。结果本研究确认符合要求的研究对象共7314人,其中男性5595人(76.50%),女性1719人(23.50%),平均年龄为(37.71±10.14)岁,白细胞计数均值为(6.29±1.60)×109/L,一般人群白细胞计数为(6.50±1.53)×109/L,放射工作人员白细胞计数较一般人群低3.23%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。女性的白细胞计数低于男性,且在年龄小于50岁的人群中,白细胞计数有随年龄增加而减少的趋势,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同省市体检机构的放射工作人员白细胞计数也不同,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,在调整年龄、性别和地区因素后,不同职业照射类别人员的白细胞计数之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论放射工作人员白细胞计数在正常医学参考值范围内,但低于一般人群,可能与性别、年龄和不同地区体检机构之间的差异有关,尚不能认为与职业照射类别有关,需要进一步研究。
Objective To compare the differences of white blood cell (WBC) levels among different radiation workers with the general population and to explore the possible influencing factors. Methods Data of health examination of radiographers in five provinces (cities) in 2011, 2012 and 2013 were compared with the normal values of white blood cell count in the general population. Univariate analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to study the effect of different factors Impact of radiation workers on white blood cell count. Results A total of 7314 eligible patients were identified, including 5595 (76.50%) males and 1719 females (23.50%), with an average age of (37.71 ± 10.14) years and a mean white blood cell count of (6.29 ± 1.60) × 109 / L, the average white blood cell count was (6.50 ± 1.53) × 109 / L, and the radiation workers’ white blood cell count was 3.23% lower than that of the general population. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). The white blood cell count of females is lower than that of males, and the leucocyte counts tend to decrease with the increase of age among the groups of less than 50 years of age (P <0.05). Radiological staff in different provinces and cities medical examination body white blood cell count is also different, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, gender and regional factors, there was no significant difference in white blood cell count among different occupational exposure groups (P> 0.05). Conclusions Radiographers’ white blood cell count is within the range of normal medical reference value but lower than that of general population. It may be related to gender, age and the difference of medical institutions in different regions. It can not be considered related to occupational exposure category and needs further study.