药物诱发的疾病占住院病人的5%。药物诱发的严重肌病不常见,但轻型肌病则比通常所估计的要多,因为骨骼肌占体重的45%左右,并且除了有机械功能外,还起较大的代谢作用。由于治疗药物不断增加,药物诱发的综合征开始时虽然是可逆的,但如不停药可能使病情加重而招致严重后果,因此认识药物对神经肌肉系统诱发的效应是很重要的。局灶性肌病许多药物肌注后,因针刺引起局灶性坏死(针刺性肌病),致使血清肌酸激酶(CK)活性升高。某些药物如氯喹也有局部的毒性作用。其它如阿片制剂和氯丙嗪通过组织 Drug-induced illness accounts for 5% of hospitalized patients. Severe myopathy, which is induced by drugs, is uncommon, but light myopathy is more common than estimated, because skeletal muscle accounts for about 45% of body weight and has a large metabolic effect in addition to its mechanical function. Drug-induced syndromes are reversible at the outset because of the increasing number of therapies. However, it is important to recognize the effects of drugs on the neuromuscular-induced effects if non-stop medication can exacerbate the condition and cause serious consequences. Focal Myopathy A number of medications, such as focal necrosis (acupuncture myopathy) caused by acupuncture, result in elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) activity. Some drugs, such as chloroquine, also have a local toxic effect. Others, such as opiates and chlorpromazine, pass through the tissue