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本文用OLG模型分析我国城镇养老保险缴费率和人口增长率对资本劳动比、消费和效用等内生变量的影响,求解最优企业缴费率。结果表明:提高个人缴费率将增加个人账户本金。提高企业缴费率将增加社会统筹养老金,减少资本劳动比、个人账户本金、工作期消费、退休期消费和效用。人口增长率下降使资本劳动比、个人账户本金、工作期消费和效用增加,使社会统筹养老金和退休期消费下降。最优企业缴费率随人口增长率下降而下降。提高个人缴费率、降低企业缴费率和严格执行计划生育政策利多于弊。
In this paper, OLG model is used to analyze the impact of urban pension insurance contribution rate and population growth rate on endogenous variables such as capital labor ratio, consumption and utility, and to find the optimal contribution rate. The results show that: Increase personal contribution rate will increase the personal account principal. Raising the contribution rate of enterprises will increase social pooling of pensions, reducing capital-labor ratio, individual account principal, working-period consumption, retirement spending and utility. The declining population growth rate has led to an increase in capital-labor ratio, personal account principal and working-period consumption and utility, resulting in a decrease in social pooling pension and retirement spending. The contribution rate of the best enterprise declines with the decline of the population growth rate. It is more harm than good to raise the individual contribution rate, reduce the enterprise contribution rate and strictly enforce the family planning policy.