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载人星际飞行期间,航天员需要完成比绕地球低轨道飞行更为复杂的任务并克服更多苛刻环境威胁,为了完成前期工程研制、航天员训练、任务实施等研究,必须进行大量的地面模拟试验。NASA在过去10年实施了6项模拟计划,试验内容从单一设备测试到综合性多任务大型试验,研究内容不断扩展和细化,研究深入性不断增强。本文对这些模拟计划的类别和研究模式进行了探讨,分析了总体研究特点,并结合我国实际情况,给出我国航天医学工程领域实施载人星际飞行地面模拟试验需要的研究内容建议。
During the manned interstellar flight, the astronauts need to complete more complicated tasks than the low earth orbit around the earth and overcome more harsh environmental threats. In order to complete the research on preliminary engineering, astronaut training and mission implementation, a large amount of ground simulation test. NASA has implemented six simulation programs over the past 10 years, ranging from single-device testing to comprehensive multitasking large-scale trials, with ongoing research and refinement of the research content and increasing research depth. In this paper, the types and research modes of these simulation plans are discussed. The characteristics of the overall study are analyzed. Combined with the actual situation in our country, the research contents of the simulation experiments for the implementation of interstellar flight in space medical engineering are given.