论文部分内容阅读
贵州少数民族在业人口618.62万人,（注）占劳动适龄人口（15-64岁）的90.57%,是民族经济的主要载体。从劳动力供给过程角度看,由于劳动与生产资料的优化组合将引起各行各业中劳动力的再分配,从而促进劳动生产率的提高和生产的发展,为此,贵州少数民族在业人口结构的特征及变化,是决定民族经济增长的一个重要变量。 一、传统型人口行业结构影响民族地区产业结构的调整 民族地区经济要迅速发展,首要任务之一,就是要尽快调整其产业结构;但这一任务却因人口产业结构不合理而严重受阻。 1990年贵州少数民族在业人口按物质生产部门和非物质生产部门划分,前者占96.45%,后者占3.55%,按第一、二、三产业划分,其比重分别为92.68%、2.28%和5.04%。 在人口结构学上,人口产业结构分三种类型:传统型、发展型、现代型。划分的主要标准是:从事物质生产部门的人口在85%以上为传统型,在65-85%之间为发展型,在65%以下为现代型。显然,贵州少数民族人口行业结构属于传统型,即一种落后的类型。 传统型人口产业结构隐含着三个特征,即人口素质差、分化程度小和内部关联度低,这三者都与产业结构调整密切有关。 调整产业结构需要三个必备条件:人才、技术和资金。且不说后两个条件,单从人才条件角度看,现存的人口产业结构?
Ethnic minority people in Guizhou have a work force of 6,186,200, (Note) 90.57% of the working-age population (15-64 years old), which is the main carrier of the national economy. From the perspective of labor supply process, as the optimal combination of labor and means of production will lead to the redistribution of labor force in all walks of life, thereby promoting the improvement of labor productivity and the development of production, the characteristics of population structure of ethnic minorities in Guizhou and Change is an important variable that determines the national economic growth. I. The Adjustment of the Industrial Structure of the Traditional Population Affecting the Industrial Structure in Ethnic Areas One of the primary tasks for the rapid development of the economy in ethnic regions is to adjust its industrial structure as soon as possible. However, this task has been severely hampered by the irrational structure of the population and the industrial structure. In 1990, the employed population of ethnic minorities in Guizhou was classified according to the material production sector and the non-material production sector, with the former accounting for 96.45% and the latter accounting for 3.55% respectively, accounting for 92.68% and 2.28% respectively according to the primary, secondary and tertiary industries 5.04%. In population structure, population industrial structure is divided into three types: traditional, developmental, modern. The main criteria for division are: The population engaged in the material production sector is more than 85% of the population of the traditional type, between 65-85% for the development type and less than 65% for the modern type. Obviously, the industrial structure of Guizhou’s ethnic minorities belongs to the traditional type, that is, a backward type. The traditional industrial structure of the population implies three characteristics, namely poor quality of population, small degree of differentiation and low degree of internal connection, all of which are closely related to industrial restructuring. To adjust the industrial structure requires three prerequisites: talent, technology and capital. Not to mention the latter two conditions, from the perspective of talent conditions, the existing industrial structure of the population?