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1引言矿业为国民经济提供主要能源和原材料,是人类社会赖以生存和发展的基础产业,是工业的命脉。矿产资源的开采和利用是一门古老又现实的学科,它随着时代和科技进步不断发展和完善。长期以来,矿业领域的技术和科研人员在采矿方法、矿业安全、环境保护、机械化以及资源高效利用等方面取得了卓有成效的成就,使我国矿业领域的基础理论研
1 Introduction Mining provides the major energy sources and raw materials for the national economy. It is the basic industry for the survival and development of human society and the lifeblood of industry. Mining and utilization of mineral resources is an ancient and realistic discipline, which has been continuously developed and improved with the progress of the times and science and technology. For a long time, the technical and scientific researchers in the field of mining have made fruitful achievements in mining methods, mining safety, environmental protection, mechanization and efficient use of resources, etc., so that the basic theory of mine research