匈牙利全国约有1,100万人口,96,000平方公里的土地。解放以前(1945年前),全国约有80％的人是文盲,约有三分之一的人口行乞,曾有“乞丐之国”之称。第二次世界大战和1956年的叛乱,都使这个国家受到相当严重的破坏,人民生活相当困难。他们从1958年开始进行体制改革,将权力下放,把工作的着重点放在生产建设上,增加 There are about 11 million inhabitants and 96,000 square kilometers of land in Hungary. Before the liberation (before 1945), about 80% of the people in the country were illiterate. About a third of the population begged and they had been called “the country of beggars.” Both the Second World War and the 1956 insurgency severely damaged the country and the people’s life was rather difficult. They started the system reform in 1958, decentralized their power, put the emphasis on production and construction, and increased