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目的了解深圳市中学教师吸烟相关知识、态度和行为,为有针对性地开展教师控烟干预提供参考依据。方法采用自填问卷调查方法,对随机选取的深圳市10所中学的1 119名中学教师进行调查。结果深圳市中学教师现在吸烟率为13.23%,其中男性为29.85%,女性为0.78%。25岁以下教师现在吸烟率为7.92%,26~35岁为9.42%,36~45岁为15.70%,46岁以上为24.28%,教师吸烟率随着年龄增长而增加(χ2=37.13,P<0.01);不同学历教师吸烟率差异无统计学意义(χ2=6.67,P=0.15);教师职称越高吸烟率越高(χ2=33.64,P<0.01),其中初级及以下教师现在吸烟率为8.28%,中级为12.63%,高级为22.76%。教师对烟草本质的认知比较有限,有77.39%的教师错误的认为尼古丁是引起大多数癌症的化学物,30.92%的教师认为过滤嘴可减低吸烟危害。但是大多数教师对控烟有良好的态度,81.05%认为教师应该是不吸烟的榜样,90.88%觉得很有必要开展学生吸烟危害和预防知识技巧的教育。结论应将中年中高职称男教师作为教师控烟的重点对象,为教师提供烟草及控烟相关资料和培训。此外,学校应该创建无烟学校,为师生提供一个良好的学习环境。
Objective To understand the smoking knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of secondary school teachers in Shenzhen and to provide reference for the targeted intervention of tobacco control teachers. Methods A total of 1119 secondary school teachers from 10 secondary schools in Shenzhen City were investigated by self-administered questionnaire survey. Results Shenzhen middle school teachers now smoking rate was 13.23%, of which 29.85% for men and 0.78% for women. The rate of smoking among teachers under 25 years of age is 7.92%, 9.42% for 26-35 years, 15.70% for 36-45 years and 24.28% for those over 46 years old. The smoking rate of teachers increased with age (χ2 = 37.13, P < (Χ2 = 6.67, P = 0.15). The higher the title of teacher was, the higher the smoking rate was (χ2 = 33.64, P <0.01). The prevalence of smoking among primary and below teachers was 8.28%, intermediate 12.63%, advanced 22.76%. Teachers have a limited understanding of the nature of tobacco, 77.39% of teachers mistakenly think that nicotine is the chemical that causes most cancers, and 30.92% of teachers think filters can reduce the harm of smoking. However, most teachers have a good attitude towards tobacco control. 81.05% think that teachers should be non-smoking examples, and 90.88% think it is necessary to educate students about smoking hazards and prevention of knowledge and skills. Conclusion Middle-aged and senior professional male teachers should be the focus of teachers’ control of tobacco use, providing information and training on tobacco control and tobacco control to teachers. In addition, schools should create smoke-free schools to provide a good learning environment for teachers and students.