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今年,是鸦片战争150周年,也是英法联军攻占北京、火烧圆明园的130周年,又是八国联军镇压义和团运动,占领北京的90周年。从鸦片战争起,到本世纪40年代中期,欧洲、亚洲、美洲的资本主义列强都侵略过中国。在外国列强的欺凌面前,清王朝和军阀政府软弱无能,割地赔款,签订了一系列丧权辱国的条约。究其原因,第一,社会政治制度腐败;第二,经济技术落后。
This year is the 150th anniversary of the Opium War. It was also the 130th anniversary of the British-French coalition forces capturing Beijing and setting fire to the Summer Palace. It was also the 90th anniversary of the Eight-Power Allied Forces suppressing the Boxer Rebellion and occupying Beijing. Since the Opium War, by the mid-1940s, the capitalist powers of Europe, Asia and the Americas have invaded China. In the face of the bullying of foreign powers, the Qing dynasty and the warlord government were weak and incompetent, cut their ground and repaid their money, and signed a series of treaties on humiliation and shame. The reason, first, the social and political system corruption; second, economic and technological backwardness.