目的探讨稀土氧化钕(Nd2O3)粉尘对大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞(AM)凋亡及蛋白水平的影响。方法以无特定病原体级健康成年雄性SD大鼠为研究对象,采用非暴露式气管内一次性灌注法建立大鼠肺损伤模型。实验分组和处理方案如下:1实验组大鼠75只,以质量浓度为50.0 g/L的Nd2O3混悬液按100 mg/kg体质量给药剂量进行染尘处理;对照组大鼠50只,予相应的无菌生理氯化钠溶液处理;分别于染尘后第3、7、14、21、28天各处死15和10只;225、50、100、150 mg/kg剂量组大鼠各15只,分别以质量浓度为12.5、25.0、50.0、75.0 g/L的Nd2O3混悬液按25、50、100和150 mg/kg体质量的给药剂量进行染尘处理;对照组大鼠10只,予相应的无菌生理氯化钠溶液处理;于染尘后第28天处死。收集大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液,分离AM,采用流式细胞仪测定AM凋亡率,酶联免疫吸附实验测定AM蛋白水平。结果肺组织病理学观察显示染尘大鼠肺损伤模型建立成功。AM凋亡率和蛋白水平在染尘处理与观察时间的交互效应均有统计学意义(P<0.01);实验组大鼠各时间点AM凋亡率和蛋白水平分别高于相应时间点的对照组(P<0.05);实验组大鼠染尘后随着观察时间的延长AM凋亡率和蛋白水平总体上均呈现先升高后下降再升高的趋势,表现为与第3天比较,上述2个指标均在第7天升高(P<0.05),在第14天下降至最低值(P<0.05),在第21和28天出现升高(P<0.05)。不同剂量组间大鼠AM凋亡率随染尘剂量的增加而增加(P<0.05),呈剂量-效应关系。25、50、100和150 mg/kg剂量组大鼠AM蛋白水平均高于对照组(P<0.05),50、100和150 mg/kg剂量组大鼠AM蛋白水平均高于25 mg/kg剂量组(P<0.05)。结论稀土Nd2O3粉尘可致染毒大鼠肺泡AM凋亡和蛋白水平的改变。 Objective To investigate the effects of rare earth neodymium oxide (Nd2O3) dust on the apoptosis and protein level of alveolar macrophages (AM) in rats. Methods Healthy adult male Sprague - Dawley rats without specific pathogen were used as research objects. Non - exposed endotracheal perfusion was used to establish a rat model of lung injury. Experimental groups and treatment programs are as follows: 1 Experimental group of 75 rats, with a mass concentration of 50.0 g / L Nd2O3 suspension dosed at a dose of 100 mg / kg body weight; control group of 50 rats, The rats were sacrificed on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day after dying respectively, and 15 and 10 rats were sacrificed at the same time. The rats in 225,50,100,150 mg / kg 15, respectively, with the concentration of 12.5,25.0,50.0,75.0 g / L of Nd2O3 suspension 25,50,100 and 150 mg / kg body weight of the dose administered to the dust treatment; control group rats 10 Only, to the corresponding sterile physiological sodium chloride solution treatment; died on the 28th day after the dying. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of rats was collected, AM was separated, AM apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry, and AM protein level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Lung histopathology showed that the model of lung injury was established successfully in the infected rats. AM apoptotic rate and protein level had significant statistical significance (P <0.01) in the treatment of dust and the time of observation. The apoptosis rate and the protein level of AM at each time point in the experimental group were respectively higher than those at the corresponding time points (P <0.05). The apoptosis rate and protein level of AM rats increased firstly, then decreased and then increased with the prolongation of observation time after exposure to dust. The results showed that compared with the third day, The above two indexes increased on the 7th day (P <0.05), decreased to the lowest on the 14th day (P <0.05), and increased on the 21st and 28th days (P <0.05). The apoptosis rate of AM in different dose groups increased with the increase of dust dose (P <0.05), showing a dose-response relationship. The protein levels of AM in 25, 50, 100 and 150 mg / kg groups were higher than those in control group (P <0.05). The AM protein levels in 50, 100 and 150 mg / kg groups were higher than 25 mg / kg Dose group (P <0.05). Conclusion Apoptosis and protein level changes of alveolar AM induced by rare earth Nd2O3 dust.