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目的探讨开江县乙脑疫情动态及发病趋势,为防制提供科学依据。方法对2007年乙脑病例进行个案调查,取早期血进行IgM检测,5月取9岁以下儿童血和6～7月各旬分别取猪血进行IgG检测。采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测。结果全年发病8例,发病率为1.41/10万,病例呈高度散发点状分布。8月发病占87.50%,男多于女,2～7岁占87.50%。有乙脑疫苗接种史者为25%,后遗症发生率为25%,临床上轻型和普通型占62.50%。2～9岁健康儿童抗体阳性率为20%。猪乙脑抗体阳性率高峰在7月上旬。临床病例血清学确诊率为75%。结论加强农村地区乙脑防治知识的宣传,提高7岁以下儿童乙脑疫苗接种率和覆盖率,做好防蚊灭蚊,是开江县控制乙脑发生和流行的关键措施。
Objective To explore the epidemiology and trend of Japanese encephalitis in Kaijiang County and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control. Methods A case-by-case survey of Japanese encephalitis in 2007 was conducted. Early blood was taken for IgM detection. Children under 9 years of age in May and blood samples were collected from June to July in each month for IgG detection. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detection. Results The incidence of 8 cases a year, the incidence was 1.41 / 100 000, the case was highly distributed dot-like distribution. August incidence of 87.50%, more men than women, 2 to 7 years old accounted for 87.50%. There is a history of Japanese encephalitis vaccination 25%, the incidence of sequelae 25%, clinical light and common type accounted for 62.50%. The positive rate of healthy children aged 2 ~ 9 years was 20%. The positive rate of porcine Encephalitis antibody in early July. Serological diagnosis of clinical cases was 75%. Conclusion It is a key measure to control the occurrence and epidemic of JE in Kaijiang County to strengthen the publicity of JE prevention and treatment knowledge in rural areas, increase the coverage and coverage of JE vaccine in children under 7 years of age.