生长在广西马山县古寨村的老辈儿人,为了子孙繁衍后代,一代一代把老品种种子留存下来。但随着科技的发展,尤其是现代杂交育种技术的发展、高产杂交品种的大力推广以及各种化肥原料的过量施用,日复一日年复一年,村民们发现老品种的种子逐渐消亡,每年的收成也变得不稳定,种子的保留期也从长期缩至为一两年。同时,也有商家利用老品种的优良基因,研制出新产品并且申请专利,使得农民在对种子的保留与利用上处于劣势。在这迫在眉睫的情况下,中国科学院农业政策研究中 Growing in the old village of Guzhai, Mashan County, Guangxi, generations of older breeds have been preserved for future generations. However, with the development of science and technology, especially the development of modern hybrid breeding technology, the popularization of high-yielding hybrid varieties and the over-application of various fertilizer raw materials, the villagers found that the seeds of the old varieties have gradually died out day after day, The annual harvest has also become unstable and the seed’s retention period has also been reduced from a long-term to a year or two. At the same time, some merchants also make use of the good genes of old breeds to develop new products and apply for patents, making farmers at a disadvantage in preserving and utilizing seeds. In this imminent situation, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Policy Research