马克思的伟大之处就在于他一生不断地批判,既批判别人,也批判自己。本文就是攫取马克思一生反思海洋中的一滴水,来浅析马克思主义是怎样完成从隐藏着新思想萌芽的《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中的实践的人本主义到他与恩格斯合著《德意志意识形态》中的实践的唯物主义转变以及它转变的深层次原因。 The greatness of Marx lies in his constant criticism throughout his life, not only criticizing others but also criticizing himself. This dissertation attempts to capture a drop of water in Marx’s lifetime reflection on the ocean to analyze how Marxism completes the humanism from practice in Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts 1844, which hides the new thought, to his cooperation with Engels The materialist change of practice in ideology and the deep reason of its transformation.