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恶性贫血患者存在着免疫和遗传方面的改变。患者血清中存在多种自身抗体;患者T淋巴细胞亚群失衡,尤其是T抑制细胞的缺陷使机体免疫耐受性降低而引起自身免疫反应。恶性贫血有明显的家族发病倾向,患者的细胞有丝分裂,核酸合成以及HLA抗原的表达均有异常。恶性贫血遗传因子对该病的支配方式、恶性贫血时淋巴细胞亚群的变化以及与HLA抗原的确切关系等值得进一步研究。
Pernicious anemia patients have immune and genetic changes. There are a variety of autoantibodies in the serum of patients. T lymphocyte subsets in patients are unbalanced. In particular, the defects of T-suppressor cells decrease the immune tolerance and cause autoimmunity. Pernicious anemia has obvious familial tendency, patients with cell mitosis, nucleic acid synthesis and HLA antigen expression are abnormal. The predisposition of genetic factors to the disease, the changes of lymphocyte subsets in pernicious anemia and the exact relationship with HLA antigens are worthy of further study.