测量几乎是人的生活中从很简单到很复杂任何过程的一个必不可少的组成部分。测量实践的历史几乎和人类的历史一样悠久。人类通过测量认识周围的物质世界，又通过测量掌握物质世界的发生、发展规律，并将这些科学知识，用数学的方法整理成合乎逻辑的系统，然后借助于工程技术以 Measuring is almost an essential part of any process in a person’s life, from simple to complex. The history of measurement practice is almost as long as human history. By measuring and understanding the surrounding physical world, human beings master the occurrence and development of the physical world through measurement, organize these scientific knowledge into a logical system by means of mathematics, and then use engineering techniques