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为了提高小麦×玉米产生单倍体的频率,采用人工控制环境条件的室内离体培养法和田间常规杂交法诱导小麦×玉米单倍体,研究了不同生长环境下的成胚率、环境温度对离体培养法成胚率以及T>10℃有效积温对常规杂交法成胚率的影响效果。结果表明,就平均成胚率而言,室内离体培养法(23.6%)高于常规杂交法(18.1%),且以20℃、光照3 000 Lx、12 h/d、相对湿度70%条件下离体培养杂交穗14 d获得的成胚率最高(28.6%);授粉后足够的T>10℃有效积温是高成胚率的必要条件,获得最高成胚率的T>10℃有效积温在187.9~254.9℃之间;授粉后环境温度是影响成胚速率的重要因素,以20℃最佳。
In order to improve the haploid frequency of wheat × maize, we induced the wheat × maize haploid by using in vitro culture method and conventional field hybridization under artificial environmental conditions, and studied the embryo formation rate, The effect of embryo formation rate of in vitro culture method and the effective accumulated temperature of T> 10 ℃ on the embryogenesis rate of the conventional hybridization method. The results showed that in terms of average embryogenesis rate, the indoor culture method (23.6%) was higher than that of the conventional hybridization method (18.1%) at 20 ℃, illumination of 3000 Lx, 12 h / d and relative humidity of 70% The highest embryogenic rate (28.6%) was obtained after 14 days of in vitro culture hybridization. The effective accumulated temperature of T> 10 ℃ after pollination was the necessary condition for high embryo rate. The highest effective embryo rate of T> 10 ℃ Between 187.9 and 254.9 ℃. The ambient temperature after pollination is an important factor that affects the embryo rate and is best at 20 ℃.