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1.品种选择选择根系发达,抗寒力强的山东苍山白皮蒜的地方品种——笨蒜,或者是山东章丘县的蒲棵大蒜。2.整地施肥大蒜是吸 N 量最多的蔬菜作物之一,要施足基肥,亩施腐熟捣碎的有机肥7000公斤,酌情施适量过磷酸钙作基肥。同时翻耕做畦。3.适期播种选择大小均匀,没有损伤,脱皮有蒜瓣,在我地于9月下旬播种,播种密度为行株距15×10厘米。播种深度以覆土不露蒜瓣尖端为宜,播种时要注意让蒜瓣保持直立。覆土后踩实,然后覆膜。4.田间管理出苗后及时对准苗尖处扎膜孔,让苗自然长出膜外。在上冻以前一般浇7～8次水,在封冻时要浇足冻水并追施碳酸氢铵或粪稀水,并中耕1次,然后覆盖粗肥或草秸等物保护越冬。第二年返青后搂去覆盖物,浇水蹲苗,在烂蒜母时结合浇水并进行追肥,亩施碳酸氢铵25公斤,以后逐渐增加浇水次数,并酌情追施肥料。同时要喷药防治蒜蛆。在抽薹前2～3天停止浇水。抽取蒜薹后立即浇水施肥促进蒜头迅速生长,一般收薹后20多天即可刨收蒜头。实践证明采用地膜覆盖的秋大蒜蒜薹、蒜头产量可分别增加40%和30%。
1. Selection of cultivars Select a well-developed roots, cold hardy Shandong Cangshan white garlic local varieties - stupid garlic, or Zhangqiu County, Shandong Pu trees garlic. 2. Land preparation and fertilization Garlic is one of the most vegetable crops to absorb N, to apply enough base fertilizer, Mushi Shi mattered organic fertilizer 7000 kg, as appropriate, appropriate amount of superphosphate as a base fertilizer. Plowing at the same time do 畦. 3. Suitable sowing options of uniform size, no damage, peeling garlic, in my sown in late September, sowing density row spacing 15 × 10 cm. Sowing the depth of the clover does not reveal the tip of garlic is appropriate, sowing should pay attention to keep the garlic upright. After the soil step on the real, and then covered. 4. Field management promptly punctured at the seedling puncture hole after emergence, let Miao grow naturally outside the membrane. Before freezing on the general pouring 7 to 8 times the water, when frozen to pour enough frozen water and topdressing ammonium bicarbonate or dung water and cultivated 1 time, and then covered with crude fertilizer or straw and other things to protect the wintering. The second year after the retreat green to cover, watering Dunmiao, combined with water in the rotten Garlic and top dressing, ammonium bicarbonate 25 kg, after gradually increase the number of watering, and, as appropriate, topdressing fertilizer. At the same time to spray garlic garlic. 2 to 3 days before bolting to stop watering. After the extraction of garlic sprouts and watering fertilizer to promote the rapid growth of garlic, usually after harvesting more than 20 days after the planing harvest garlic head. Practice has proved that the use of mulching autumn garlic garlic sprouts, garlic output can be increased by 40% and 30%.