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目的通过86例巨幼细胞性贫血(MA)的实验室检查材料的回顾性分析来说明实验室检查的基础性和重要性。方法回顾性分析86例患有MA的住院病人实验室检查资料。结果单纯贫血6例,占7.0%;二系减少者58例,占67.4%;三系减少者22例,占25.6%。以大细胞为主者78例,占90.7%;红细胞形态正常者8例,占9.3%;可见有核红细胞,H-J小体及幼稚粒细胞者10例,占11.6%;可见多分叶核者62例,占72.1%;骨髓增生明显活跃的51例,占59.3%;增生活跃的35例,占40.7%;未见增生减低者。粒、红、巨三系均有巨幼样改变59例,占68.6%;粒、红二系巨幼样改变18例,占20.9%;红系一系巨幼样改变5例,占5.8%;粒系一系巨幼样改变4例,占4.7%。叶酸减低的28例,占32.6%;维生素B12减低的32例,占37.2%;二者均减低的22例,占25.6%;二者增高的4例,占4.6%(可能患者患有其他疾病或标本溶血造成)。结论诊断MA要多结合一些实验室的检查资料,进行全面分析做出正确诊断,以免误诊。
Objective To review the basic and important laboratory tests by retrospective analysis of 86 laboratory samples of megaloblastic anemia (MA). Methods A retrospective analysis of 86 hospitalized patients with MA laboratory test data. Results Simple anemia in 6 cases, accounting for 7.0%; 58 cases of second-line reduction, accounting for 67.4%; three-line reduction in 22 cases, accounting for 25.6%. 78 cases accounted for 90.7% mainly with large cells; 8 cases with normal erythrocytes, accounting for 9.3%; 10 cases with nucleated erythrocytes, HJ bodies and immature granulocytes, accounting for 11.6%; Cases, accounting for 72.1%; 51 cases of active bone marrow hyperplasia, accounting for 59.3%; hyperplasia in 35 cases, accounting for 40.7%; no hyperplasia. There were 59 cases (68.6%) of megakaryocyte, erythrocyte and giant megakaryocyst changed, while 18 cases (20.9% ; A series of giant myeloid changes in 4 cases, accounting for 4.7%. There were 28 cases (32.6%) with reduced folic acid, 32 cases (37.2%) with reduced vitamin B12, 22 cases (25.6%) with decreased both, and 4 cases (4.6% Or specimen hemolysis caused). Conclusion The diagnosis of MA should be combined with some laboratory test data to conduct a comprehensive analysis to make the correct diagnosis, so as to avoid misdiagnosis.