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目的通过回顾性分析,了解近两年余姚市出生缺陷发生情况及主要特征,为今后出生缺陷监测,减少出生缺陷的发生提供科学依据。方法对余姚市2012年10月1日~2014年9月30日孕满28w至产后7d的围产儿及<28w的治疗性引产儿的出生缺陷资料进行分析。结果两年出生缺陷总发生率为13.96‰,其中围产儿出生缺陷发生率为9.61‰,<28w因胎儿畸形治疗性引产109例;本市户籍人口出生缺陷发生率为13.30‰,非本地户籍为14.52‰,两组比较无显著性差异,但孕中期出生缺陷检出的相对数,本地户籍人口高于非本地户籍,两组比较有显著性差异;产妇年龄超过35岁组缺陷发生率明显高于其他年龄组;出生缺陷发生顺位前6位依次为先天性心脏病、总唇裂、多指(趾)、神经管畸形、肾脏畸形、外耳及其他畸形。结论做好婚检,孕产妇孕前、孕期保健,常规进行产前筛查和孕中期彩超排畸,避免缺陷儿进入围产期,对新生儿开展疾病筛查和听力筛查,是降低围产儿出生缺陷发生率、提高人口素质的最有效措施。
Objective To retrospectively analyze the occurrence and the main characteristics of birth defects in Yuyao in the past two years and provide a scientific basis for the monitoring of birth defects and the reduction of birth defects in the future. Methods The data of birth defects of perinatal and <28 weeks of therapeutic induced labor in Yuyao City from October 1, 2012 to September 30, 2014, from 28 weeks pregnant to 7 days postpartum, were analyzed. Results The total incidence of two-year birth defects was 13.96 ‰, of which the incidence of perinatal birth defects was 9.61 ‰, <28w due to fetal malformation induced abortion in 109 cases; the incidence of birth defects in this Municipality population was 13.30 ‰, non- 14.52 ‰. There was no significant difference between the two groups. However, the relative number of birth defects detected in the second trimester was higher than that of the non-native domicile. There was a significant difference between the two groups. The incidence of defects in males over 35 years old was significantly higher In other age groups, the top 6 birth defects were congenital heart disease, total cleft lip, multiple fingers, neural tube defects, kidney malformation, external ear and other deformities. Conclusions Good premarital examination, prenatal care, prenatal care, prenatal screening and prenatal screening of conventional ultrasound and ultrasonography to prevent defects in children into the perinatal period, screening of newborns for disease screening and hearing screening is to reduce the birth of perinatal The incidence of defects, the most effective measures to improve the quality of the population.