论证图解是论证分析的一个重要环节,也是论辩理论、谬误研究以及批判性思维普遍使用的论证分析技术。以直观的形式揭示论证的支持关系从而刻画论证的宏观结构,是论证图解技术的优势。然而,在刻画论证结构的过程中,组合结构和收敛结构的识别是一个棘手的问题,逻辑学界一直试图对两者进行清晰的甄别,就现行的区分标准而言,主要有逻辑联合、推理链收敛、模态联合和相关组合这四种方法,但这些区分方案或多或少存在漏洞和争议。新的判别方案尝试从“前提是否可以单独推出结论”、“贡献均衡度”以及“当一个前提为假,其他前提是否能推出结论”这三个维度去探讨论证结构,并结合强组合、差异化组合、均衡收敛、差异化收敛、弱收敛这五种论证图解进行深入分析,结果表明,新方案可有效地对组合结构和收敛结构进行区分。 Argumentation is an important part of the argument analysis, but also argumentation theory, fallacy and critical thinking commonly used argument analysis techniques. Revealing the supportive relationship of the argument in an intuitive form to depict the macro structure of the argument is the advantage of demonstrating the graphic technology. However, in describing the structure of argumentation, the identification of combinatorial structure and convergence structure is a thorny issue. The logic circle has always been trying to make a clear distinction between the two. In terms of the current criteria of distinction, there are mainly logical conjunction, reasoning chain Convergence, modal combination and related combinations of these four methods, but these programs more or less the existence of loopholes and controversy. The new discriminant scheme tries to explore the structure of argument from the following three aspects: whether the premise can be deduced separately, the equilibrium of contribution, and the conclusion that if one premise is false and the other premise can deduce the conclusion, Combined with strong combination, differential combination, equilibrium convergence, differential convergence and weak convergence, the five argumentations are analyzed in detail. The results show that the new scheme can effectively distinguish the combination structure and the convergence structure.