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铁路机车乘务员的视觉功能,不论在夜间行驶,还是昼间受强烈阳光照射或雪面的反射光的耀眼刺激,突然进入隧道,都需要良好的明暗适应功能,才能保证安全运行。故国内外学者在近几年里进行了多方面的研究,有的已作为乘务员的体检项目。然而,我国现有的乘务员体检标准中,缺少此功能的要求。为了适应铁路运输生产的发展,我们对现职乘务员的夜视功能正常状态和影响因素进行了初步的研究,对乘务员视作业环境的照度进行了测定,从职业选择的要求,对相应年龄组的正常上限值进行了探讨,并结合安全运行的状况,提出了乘务员的夜间视觉功能体检标准。
The visual function of railway locomotive flight attendants, whether driving at night or daylight, with intense sunlight or reflected light from the snow surface, suddenly enters the tunnel and requires good light and dark adaptation to ensure safe operation. Therefore, domestic and foreign scholars conducted many aspects of research in recent years, and some have been used as flight attendants’ medical examinations. However, the current flight attendant medical standards in China, the lack of this feature requirements. In order to adapt to the development of railway transport production, we carried out a preliminary study on the normal status and influencing factors of the night vision function of the flight attendant, and determined the illuminance of the cabin crew depending on the operating environment. From the requirements of occupation selection, The upper limit value was discussed, and combined with the safe operation of the situation, put forward the flight attendant night vision test standards.