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MicroRNA(miRNA)是机体调控基因转录后沉默的重要分子,参与免疫细胞发育和炎症等多种生理病理过程,其中重要的miRNA有miR-155、miR-17～92、miR-146a、miR-150和miR-181a等。miR-155与T、B细胞的分化以及B细胞抗体类别转换密切相关,miR-17～92参与B细胞发育,miR-150负向调控B细胞发育和炎症反应,miR-181a参与T细胞发育,miR-146a负向调控炎症反应。研究miRNA的免疫调控作用及其机制,将推动免疫学的理论研究及其在免疫相关疾病防治中的应用。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important molecules that regulate the post-transcriptional silencing of genes in the body and are involved in many physiological and pathological processes such as immune cell development and inflammation. Among them, miRNAs are important for miR-155, miR-17-92, miR-146a and miR- 150 And miR-181a and so on. miR-155 is closely related to the differentiation of T and B cells and antibody class conversion of B cells. miR-17-92 is involved in the development of B cells, miR-150 negatively regulates the development of B cells and inflammation, miR-181a participates in T cell development, miR-146a negatively regulates the inflammatory response. To study the role of miRNA in immune regulation and its mechanism will promote the immunological theory and its application in the prevention and treatment of immune-related diseases.