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[背景]冬季逆温:温度随着海拔而升高的空气层,会吸引污染物,导致污染物浓度增加。以前的研究已经评估了污染物和哮喘急诊科(ED)就诊之间的相关性,但从未将逆温作为哮喘ED就诊的独立危险因素进行研究。[目的]探讨犹他州盐湖城冬季逆温与哮喘ED就诊的相关性。[方法]收集犹他州盐湖城2003—2004年至2007—2008年冬季因哮喘ED就诊的电子记录以及逆温、气象和空气污染的数据。确定3425名初诊为哮喘的ED哮喘病例,采用时间分层病例交叉设计和条件logistic回归模型计算优势比(ORs)及其95%可信区间(CIs),估计在4d滞后期及长期逆温中哮喘ED就诊率与逆温的相关性;并评估逆温、气象、污染物三者之间的交互作用。[结果]校正露点和平均气温后,与没有逆温的滞后期相比,逆温之前0～3d的哮喘就诊率OR值为1.14(95%CI:1.00～1.30);滞后期逆温天数每增加1d,OR值为1.03(95%CI:1.00～1.07)。只有当PM10、最大值和平均气温高于中位数水平时,才显示出相关性。[结论]冬季逆温与哮喘ED就诊率增加相关。
[Background] Winter Inversion: An air layer that rises in temperature with altitude can attract contaminants, resulting in increased concentrations of pollutants. Previous studies have assessed the association between contaminants and the treatment of asthma ED but have never investigated inversion as an independent risk factor for asthma ED. [Objective] To investigate the correlation between winter temperature inversion and asthma ED in Salt Lake City, Utah. [Method] Data were collected from ED visits in Astoria, Winter 2003-2004 to 2007-2008, Salt Lake City, Utah, as well as data on temperature inversion, meteorology and air pollution. 3434 newly diagnosed asthma patients with ED asthma were stratified by time stratified cross-sectional design and conditional logistic regression model to calculate the odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), estimated in the 4d lag phase and the long-term inverse temperature Correlation between ED inpatients with asthma and temperature inversion; and assessment of the interaction between temperature, weather and pollutants. [Result] After adjusting for dew point and average air temperature, the odds ratio of asthma visit 0 to 3 days before inversion was 1.14 (95% CI: 1.00-1.30) compared with the lagging without inversion; Increased 1d, OR value of 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00 ~ 1.07). Relevance only shows when the PM10, maximum and average temperatures are above the median level. [Conclusion] The inversion in winter is associated with the increase of ED inpatients with asthma.