论文部分内容阅读
[目的]比较不同栽培方式下水稻(OryzasativaL.)形态特性,研究不同水稻品种间器官生长和发育特征动态。[方法]通过连续性观察和破坏性取样,获得叶片长度、节间数、株高、分蘖数、叶片角度、叶面积和比叶重等数据,从而比较白稻(籼稻)、金南凤(粳稻)、9325(粳稻)和9915(粳稻)4个水稻品种在江苏南京卫岗大田、卫岗盆栽和江浦大田3种栽培方式下器官形态差异。[结果]每个节位的最大叶长在生长早期逐步上升,后期逐渐下降,可以用方程y=axb和y=ax+b来描述最大叶长和节位的关系;卫岗盆栽水稻的节间数、生长期、叶长和株高比其他2种大田种植的数值小;可以用方程y=ax+b来描述株高与日照时数和有效积温的关系,增加1cm株高需要19.23℃.d≥10℃积温、8.12h日照时数;籼稻的株高、分蘖数和叶面积比其他3个粳稻品种多,但比叶重和叶角比其他3个粳稻品种小。[结论]比较水稻品种间形态特征差异,是选择节水耐旱品种的一个重要方面。该研究结果若被整合进一个水稻功能结构模型,即可通过模拟三维空间内水稻器官生长动态为节水耐旱品种选育提供株型参考。
[Objective] The research aimed to compare the morphological characteristics of Oryza sativa L. under different cultivation methods and study the dynamics of organ growth and development among different rice cultivars. [Method] The data of leaf length, internode number, plant height, tiller number, leaf angle, leaf area and specific leaf weight were obtained by continuous observation and destructive sampling. By comparing the data of white rice (Indica), Jinnanfeng , 9325 (japonica) and 9915 (japonica) rice cultivars under the three cultivation modes of Weigang Daejeon, Weigang pot and Jiangpu field in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. [Result] The maximum leaf length of each node increased gradually in the early stage of growth and decreased gradually in the late stage. The relation between maximum leaf length and node can be described by the equation y = axb and y = ax + b. The number of plants, growth period, leaf length and plant height were smaller than those of the other two fields. The relationship between plant height and sunshine hours and effective accumulated temperature could be described by the equation y = ax + b. For 1cm plant height, 19.23 ℃ d≥10 ℃ accumulated temperature and 8.12 h sunshine duration. The indica rice had more plant height, tiller number and leaf area than the other three japonica cultivars, but the specific leaf weight and the leaf angle were smaller than the other three japonica cultivars. [Conclusion] Comparing the differences of morphological characteristics among rice varieties is an important aspect of choosing water-saving and drought-resistant varieties. If the result of the study is integrated into a functional structure model of rice, plant type reference may be provided for breeding of water-saving and drought-resistant varieties by simulating the growth dynamics of rice organs in three-dimensional space.