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从经济学、公共管理学的角度解释服务型政府的行为限度有一定的缺陷,以公民基本权利为视角的法学方法可以在理论与实践两方面为解决这一难题作出贡献。按传统的权利划分法,公民基本权利可分为消极权利和积极权利,这两类权利为服务型政府的行为限度提出了不同的要求。政府对公民的消极权利应尽量尊重,行为以实现社会安定和公共利益为限;对公民的积极权利,应根据社会权利的性质和权利主体类型承担某些“即时实现”的义务,在深度上则以保护“人性尊严”为限。
To explain the limitation of the service-oriented government from the perspective of economics and public administration, the legal method from the perspective of citizens’ basic rights can contribute to solving this problem in both theory and practice. According to the traditional division of rights, the basic rights of citizens can be divided into negative rights and positive rights. These two kinds of rights put forward different requirements for the service-oriented government’s behavior limits. The negative rights of the government to citizens should be respected as far as possible, and the behavior should be limited to the realization of social stability and public interests. The positive rights to citizens should assume some “immediate realization ” obligations according to the nature of social rights and the type of rights subject. Depth is to protect “human dignity” is limited.