目的 分析单病种费用的影响因素,为今后费用控制提供依据。方法 根据指标间有层次结构的特点,以胆囊结石伴慢性胆囊炎为例,建立了通径分析模型。结果 清晰表明了医院指标间复杂的层次关系,并列出各指标通过多种途径影响住院费用的直接效应和间接效应。结论 通径分析可用于解决变量间复杂的层次结构关系,值得推广。 Objective To analyze the influencing factors of single disease costs and provide basis for future cost control. Methods According to the characteristics of hierarchical structure among the indexes, gallbladder stones with chronic cholecystitis were taken as examples to establish a path analysis model. The results clearly demonstrated the complex hierarchical relationships among hospital indicators and listed the direct and indirect effects of each index affecting hospitalization costs through multiple pathways. Conclusion Path analysis can be used to solve complex hierarchical structure relationships among variables and is worth promoting.