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目的分析老年癫痫患者的临床特点。方法回顾性分析76例老年癫痫患者(老年组)的临床资料,就其病因和临床特点与中青年癫痫患者(对照组)进行比较。结果癫痫病因:老年组脑血管意外高于对照组(60.5%vs.19.7%),颅脑外伤低于对照组(14.5%vs.27.9%)(P<0.05)。发作特点:老年组复杂部分性发作发生率高,先兆少,继发强直-阵挛发生少,发作后意识不清时间长[(27.6±12.1)min vs.(3.2±1.2)min](P<0.05);对照组发作先兆较常见,自动症发生率高。与对照组比较,老年组脑电图非特异性异常率较高(40.8%vs.24.6%),痫性放电率低(2.6%vs.9.8%)(P<0.05)。老年组和对照组单药治疗的总有效率相仿(78.9%vs.75.4%)(P>0.05)。结论老年癫痫患者的病因和临床特点均与中青年癫痫患者有明显差异。
Objective To analyze the clinical features of elderly patients with epilepsy. Methods The clinical data of 76 elderly patients with epilepsy (elderly group) were retrospectively analyzed. Their etiology and clinical features were compared with those of middle-aged and young people with epilepsy (control group). Results The cause of epilepsy was higher in the elderly group than in the control group (60.5% vs.19.7%) and in the traumatic brain injury group (14.5% vs.27.9%, P <0.05). Attack characteristics: the elderly group of complex partial seizures with high incidence of less threatened, secondary to tonic-clonic seizures less, after the onset of confusion for a long time [(27.6 ± 12.1) min vs. (3.2 ± 1.2) min] (P <0.05). The onset of symptoms in the control group was more common and the incidence of autoimmune disease was higher. Compared with the control group, the abnormal rate of EEG abnormality was higher (40.8% vs.24.6%) and epileptic discharge rate (2.6% vs.9.8%) in the elderly group (P <0.05). The overall efficacy of monotherapy in the elderly and control groups was similar (78.9% vs. 75.4%) (P> 0.05). Conclusion The etiology and clinical features of elderly patients with epilepsy are significantly different from those of middle-aged and young people with epilepsy.